Abathengi abaninzi ngewebhusayithi yethu baya kufowunela ukuze bajonge uhlobo lwengxowa elukiweyo kunye noluhlu lwezicelo, namhlanje ingxowa elukiweyo ye-dongle xiaobian ukuchaza uhlobo lwengxowa elukiweyo kunye noluhlu lwezicelo.
Iingxowa ezithungiweyo zikwaziwa ngokuba ziingxowa zesikhumba senyoka. Yiplastiki, esetyenziselwa kakhulu ukupakisha. Izinto zayo ezikrwada zihlala ziyi-polyethylene, i-polypropylene kunye nezinye izinto zeplastiki ezikrwada. Oku kulandelayo kukwazisa ngeentlobo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweengxowa ezilukiweyo.
uhlobo
Izinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yangaphandle yipolyethylene (PE), ngelixa izinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yasekhaya yipolypropylene (PP), i-thermoplastic resin elungiselelwe yi-ethylene polymerization. Kwimizi-mveliso, ii-copolymers ze-ethylene ezineenani elincinci le--olefin nazo ziyabandakanywa. I-polyethylene engenavumba, engenatyhefu, ene-wax, enokumelana okuhle kakhulu nobushushu obuphantsi (ubuncinci bobushushu bokusebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwi--70 ~ 100℃), uzinzo oluhle lweekhemikhali, ukumelana ne-acid kunye ne-alkali corrosion (i-oxidation resistant acid), enganyibilikiyo kwizinyibilikisi ngokubanzi kubushushu begumbi, ukufunxwa kwamanzi okuphantsi, ukusebenza kakuhle kobushushu bombane; Yipolyethylene (i-chemical kunye ne-electric insulation) yoxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo; Isiphumo soomatshini) sinobuthathaka kakhulu, ukumelana kakubi nokuguga kobushushu. Iimpawu zepolyethylene ziyahluka ukusuka kwiintlobo ngeentlobo, ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kwisakhiwo sayo se-molecular kunye noxinano. Iimveliso ezinobunzima obahlukeneyo (0.91 ukuya kwi-0.96 g/cm3) zinokufunyanwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zemveliso. I-Polyethylene ingacutshungulwa ngenkqubo eqhelekileyo yokwenza i-thermoplastic (jonga ukucubungula iPlastic). Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenziweni kweefilimu, izikhongozeli, imibhobho, ucingo olunye, ucingo kunye nentambo, izinto ezifunekayo imihla ngemihla, njl. Ingasetyenziswa njengezinto zokukhusela iiTV kunye ne-radar. Ngophuhliso lweshishini le-petrochemical, imveliso ye-polyethylene ikhule ngokukhawuleza, ithatha malunga nekota yemveliso iyonke yeplastiki. Ngo-1983, umthamo wemveliso yehlabathi ye-polyethylene yayiyi-24.65 Mt, kwaye umthamo wesityalo esakhiwayo yayiyi-3.16 Mt.
i-polypropylene
I-resin ye-thermoplastic elungiselelwe yi-propylene polymerization. Kukho iindlela ezintathu zokwakheka kwe-isomorphism iyonke, engacwangciswanga kunye ne-interisomorphism. Izinto eziphambili zeemveliso zoshishino zizinto ezifanayo. I-Polypropylene ikwaquka ii-copolymers ze-propylene kunye nenani elincinci le-ethylene. Ihlala iyi-solid engenambala, ayinancasa kwaye ayinatyhefu. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esiqhelekileyo kunye ne-crystallinity ephezulu, indawo yokunyibilika ifikelela kwi-167℃. Ayinabushushu kwaye imveliso ingacocwa ngomphunga. Uxinano lwe-0.90 g/cm3 yeyona plastiki ilula kakhulu. Ukumelana nokugqwala, amandla okutyhafa angama-30 MPa, amandla, ukuqina kunye nokucaca zingcono kune-polyethylene. Iingxaki kukumelana okuncinci kunye nokuguga ngokulula kubushushu obuphantsi, okunokoyiswa ngokuguqulwa kunye nokongezwa kwee-antioxidants ngokulandelelana.
Umbala weengxowa ezilukiweyo ngokuqhelekileyo umhlophe okanye umhlophe qhwa, awunatyhefu kwaye awunancasa, ngokubanzi awunabungozi emzimbeni womntu. Nangona zenziwe ngeeplastiki ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali, zinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe.
Iingxowa ezilukiweyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu, ikakhulu ekupakisheni izinto ezahlukeneyo, kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino.
Ingxowa elukiweyo yeplastiki yenziwe nge-polypropylene resin, ikhutshwe ize yolulwe ibe yisilika esicaba, ize ilukwe ibe ziingxowa.
Iingxowa zeplastiki ezidityanisiweyo zenziwe ngelaphu leplastiki ngomlambo.
Isetyenziselwa ukupakisha umgubo okanye izinto eziqinileyo ezibunjiweyo kunye nezinto eziguquguqukayo. Ingxowa elukiweyo yeplastiki edityanisiweyo yahlulwe yaba ziingxowa ezimbini ezikwi-in-one kunye neengxowa ezintathu ezikwi-in-one ngokwendlela equlathe ngayo izinto eziphambili.
Ngokwendlela yokuthunga, inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe yingxowa esezantsi yokuthunga, ingxowa yomphetho wokuthunga, ingxowa yokufaka kunye nengxowa yokuthunga yokubopha.
Ngokuxhomekeke kububanzi obusebenzayo bengxowa, ingahlulwa ibe yi-450, 500, 550, 600, 650 kunye ne-700 mm. Iinkcukacha ezikhethekileyo ziyavunyelwana ngumthengisi kunye nomthengi.
Uluhlu lwesicelo
1. Iingxowa zokupakisha zeemveliso zoshishino nezolimo
Ngophuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kweengxowa zesikhongozeli eziguquguqukayo, iingxowa zeplastiki ezilukiweyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini laseLwandle, ezothutho kunye nokupakisha kunye neemveliso zezolimo. Iingxowa zeplastiki ezilukiweyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekupakisheni iimveliso zezolimo. Iingxowa zeplastiki ezilukiweyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimveliso zasemanzini. Ukupakisha, ukupakishwa kokutya kweenkukhu, izixhobo zokugquma efama, umthunzi wokulima izityalo, ukumelana nomoya, indawo yokuhlala eneqhwa kunye nezinye izinto. Iimveliso eziqhelekileyo: ingxowa yokufuya elukiweyo, ingxowa elukiweyo yeekhemikhali, ingxowa elukiweyo yomgubo we-putty, ingxowa elukiweyo ye-urea, ingxowa yenethi yemifuno, ingxowa yenethi yeziqhamo, njl.
2. Ukupakishwa kokutya
Irayisi, umgubo kunye nezinye izinto zokutya ezipakishwayo zisebenzisa iingxowa ezilukiweyo kancinci kancinci. Iingxowa ezilukiweyo eziqhelekileyo zezi: iingxowa ezilukiweyo zerayisi, iingxowa ezilukiweyo zomgubo, iingxowa zombona kunye nezinye iingxowa ezilukiweyo.
3. Uthutho lwezokhenketho
Iitente zexeshana, iiambrela, iibhegi zokuhamba kunye neebhegi kushishino lwezokhenketho zisetyenziselwa amalaphu alukiweyo eplastiki. Iitente zeentlobo ngeentlobo zisetyenziswa kakhulu njengeendawo zokukhosela.
Iitente zexeshana, iiambrela, iingxowa zokuhamba kunye neengxowa kushishino lwezokhenketho zisetyenziselwa amalaphu alukiweyo eplastiki. Iitente zisetyenziswa kakhulu njengezinto zokugquma ukuthutha nokugcina, zithatha indawo yeetente zekotoni ezinzima nezinobunkunkqele. Ucingo kunye ne-mesh kwizakhiwo zikwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwimpahla yeplastiki. Eziqhelekileyo: iingxowa zempahla, iingxowa zokupakisha impahla. Iiphakheji zempahla, iiphakheji zempahla, njl.
Izixhobo zobunjineli
Ukususela ekuphuhlisweni kwe-geotextile ngeminyaka yoo-1980, intsimi yokusetyenziswa kwelaphu leplastiki elukiweyo ibisoloko isanda, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zokugcina amanzi amancinci, umbane, umgaqo omkhulu, uloliwe, izibuko, ukwakhiwa kwemigodi kunye nokwakhiwa komkhosi. Kule projekthi, i-geosynthetics inemisebenzi yokucoca, ukuhambisa amanzi, ukuqinisa, ukwahlukanisa kunye nokulawula ukuvuza kwamanzi. I-geotextile zeplastiki zezinye ze-geotextile zokwenziwa.
Izixhobo zokulawula izikhukula
Iingxowa ezilukiweyo zibalulekile ekulawuleni izikhukula. Zikwabalulekile ekwakhiweni kweengxangxasi, imilambo, oololiwe kunye neendlela. Ziingxowa ezilukiweyo ezichasene nolwazi, iingxowa ezilukiweyo ezichasene nembalela kunye neengxowa ezilukiweyo ezichasene nezikhukula.
I-makeup engentla incinci kakhulu kubo bonke abantu, kwaye ilungele wonke umntu, uhlobo lwengxowa olulukiweyo kunye nobubanzi bokusetyenziswa kokubonisana okunxulumene noko, ngokwabelana ngomxholo, uhlobo kunye noluhlu lwezicelo zeengxowa ezilukiweyo, ukuba ufuna ukungena nzulu kwingxowa yolwazi lwemarike, ungaqhagamshelana nomthengisi kwinkampani yethu, okanye uphando oluvela empuma nakwingxowa elukiweyo kwangoko, unxibelelwano oluhambelanayo luyaxoxwa kweli phepha.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Julayi-03-2020